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Appendix B Wireless LANs
N220 User’s Guide
139
However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication
server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus
someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In
addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5
authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5
authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session
key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.
EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)
With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless
clients for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client.
After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to
the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured
tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital
certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender’s identity.
However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle
certificates, which imposes a management overhead.
EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)
EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for
only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client
authentication is then done by sending username and password through the
secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-
TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP,
CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
PEAP (Protected EAP)
Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure
connection, then use simple username and password methods through the
secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity.
However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2
and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is
implemented only by Cisco.
LEAP
LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of
IEEE 802.1x.
- Wireless N-lite USB Adapter 1
- About This User's Guide 3
- Customer Support 4
- Document Conventions 5
- Icons Used in Figures 6
- Safety Warnings 7
- Contents Overview 10
- N220 User’s Guide 10
- Table of Contents 11
- Introduction and 15
- Configuration 15
- CHAPTER 1 17
- 1.2 About Your N220 18
- 1.3 Application Overview 19
- 1.3.2 Ad-Hoc 20
- 1.4.1 ZyXEL Utility Icon 20
- 1.5 Configuration Methods 21
- Chapter 1 Getting Started 22
- CHAPTER 2 23
- Setup (WPS) 24
- 2.2.2 PIN Configuration 25
- Chapter 2 Tutorial 27
- Chapter 2 Tutorial 36
- CHAPTER 3 37
- 3.2 Wireless LAN Overview 38
- 3.3 Wireless LAN Security 39
- 3.3.1.2 IEEE 802.1x 40
- 3.4 WiFi Protected Setup 41
- 3.4.2 PIN Configuration 42
- 3.4.3 How WPS Works 44
- Figure 24 How WPS works 45
- REGISTRARENROLLEE 46
- SECURITY INFO 46
- REGISTRAR 46
- ENROLLEE 46
- EXISTING CONNECTION 46
- 3.4.4 Limitations of WPS 47
- CHAPTER 4 49
- 4.1.3 Before You Begin 50
- 4.3 The Link Info Screen 51
- Chapter 4 Station Mode 52
- 4.3.1 Trend Chart 53
- 4.4 The Site Survey Screen 54
- 4.4.1 Security Settings 55
- 4.4.1.2 WEP Encryption 56
- 4.4.1.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK 57
- 4.4.1.4 WPA/WPA2 58
- 4.4.1.5 IEEE 802.1x 59
- 4.4.2 Summary Screen 61
- 4.5 The Profile Screen 62
- 4.5.1 Adding a New Profile 63
- 4.6 The Adapter Screen 68
- 4.7.1 Using PEAP in Vista 72
- 4.7.2 Using TLS in Vista 73
- CHAPTER 5 75
- 5.1.2 What You Need to Know 76
- 5.1.3 Before You Begin 76
- 5.2 AP Mode Screen Summary 77
- 5.3 The Link Info Screen 77
- Table 21 Link Info 78
- Table 22 Configuration 79
- 5.4.1 Security Settings 80
- 5.4.1.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK 81
- 5.5 The MAC Filter Screen 82
- Table 25 MAC Filter 83
- Chapter 5 AP Mode 84
- CHAPTER 6 85
- 6.2 The About Screen 86
- Chapter 6 Maintenance 88
- Troubleshooting 89
- CHAPTER 7 91
- 7.3 Link Quality 92
- Computers 93
- Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 94
- CHAPTER 8 95
- WIRELESS STANDARDS 96
- SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS 97
- WIRELESS FEATURES 97
- PART III 99
- APPENDIX A 101
- Properties 103
- Verifying Settings 104
- Windows Vista 105
- Windows 7 109
- Mac OS X: 10.3 and 10.4 113
- Mac OS X: 10.5 and 10.6 117
- Linux: Ubuntu 8 (GNOME) 120
- Linux: openSUSE 10.3 (KDE) 125
- APPENDIX B 131
- Figure 112 RTS/CTS 134
- Fragmentation Threshold 135
- Preamble Type 135
- IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN 135
- Wireless Security Overview 136
- IEEE 802.1x 137
- Types of EAP Authentication 138
- PEAP (Protected EAP) 139
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 140
- WPA and WPA2 140
- Encryption 141
- User Authentication 142
- Security Parameters Summary 144
- Antenna Overview 145
- Antenna Characteristics 145
- Types of Antennas for WLAN 145
- Positioning Antennas 146
- APPENDIX C 147
- Connect 149
- LABEL DESCRIPTION 153
- Setting Up An Ad-Hoc Network 154
- Windows XP 156
- Security Settings 163
- APPENDIX D 173
- Verifying the Settings 177
- APPENDIX E 179
- Industry Canada Statement 181
- Notices 181
- Viewing Certifications 182
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