ZyXEL Communications PLA-470 V2 - V3.0.5 Installationsanleitung PDF herunterladen (Seite 174)

Particular Case of EDF Pulsadis Signal (France) for Day/Night Tariff

Meters

The Pulsadis signal is better known as the day-night signal, since it is used by EDF meters in

France to switch over a number of energized devices during the night to benefit from EJP

tariffs or EDP timers. This signal is sent over the EDF electrical distribution network at the

frequency of 175 Hz.

Figure 8.4 illustrates the electrical architecture of an LV electrical network with imple-

mentation of the Pulsadis signal from EDF monitoring stations to the subscriber’s meter.

Once received by EDF day/night tariff meters, this signal triggers the contactors of

duly fitted electrical devices at the domestic circuit breaker panel. For instance, this makes

it possible to turn on water heaters during the night before switching back to full rate at 7

a.m.

This is a low frequency signal that enables its good propagation over the electrical net-

work. Its 175-Hz frequency is different from 50 Hz and its related harmonics (100 Hz, 300

Hz, 600 Hz, and so forth). The signal consists of one-second binary pulses spaced out by

one and a half seconds. This is a 102.25-second frame.

High Bit Rate PLC

The 1- to 30-MHz frequency band of high bit rate PLCs is more or less used. It is

generally viewed as consisting of two sub-bands, a 1- to 20-MHz lower band, which

is especially used in domestic usage internal PLC, and a 2-to 30-MHz upper band,

which is especially reserved for medium voltage electrical network public usage

external PLC.

As far as domestic usage internal PLC are concerned, the various technologies

used, which are all based on OFDM, share the frequency band differently to achieve

the best possible performance in terms of bit rate and latency. This performance is

obtained by constantly improving the physical layer (PHY), data link layer, and

MAC layer modulation techniques including their methods for access to the physi-

cal medium.

HomePlug 1.0 uses the 4.49 to 20.7-MHz band and 84 sub-carriers with divi-

sion of the 0 to 25 MHz frequency band into 128 bands of 195,3125 kHz. In this

way, if each band is numbered from 1 to 128, HomePlug 1.0 uses bands 23 to 106.

In the United States, some bands 23 to 106 are used by ham radio operators

(17m, 20m, 30m, 40m). Therefore, eight bands corresponding to the frequencies of

Frequency Bands 155

Table 8.1 Cenélec Frequency Bands for Low Bit Rate PLC

CENÉLEC

BAND

FREQUENCY

BAND

USE

3 to 9 kHz

Limited to electrical network operators for their

specific needs, like remote meter reading

A 9 to 95 kHz Limited to electrical network operators

B 95 to 125 kHz Home automation use (baby phones, and so forth)

C 125 to 140 kHz Home automation use (X10, and so forth)

D 140 to 148 kHz Home automation use

1 2 ... 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 ... 348 349

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ZyXEL Communications PLA-470 V2 - V3.0.5 Installationsanleitung Seite 174

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